Ezmerli NM
the George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C, USA
Prim Care Update Ob Gyns. 2000 Nov 1;7(6):260-265. doi: 10.1016/s1068-607x(00)00056-1.
Exercise has become an integral part of the life styles of many women. However, many women stop exercising during pregnancy because of concerns regarding the well-being of the fetus. Although pregnancy is associated with several physiologic changes and response to exercise is different in the pregnant state than in the nonpregnant state, exercise can be beneficial to the pregnant woman in the absence of obstetric or medical complications. There are certain contraindications to exercise during pregnancy, including pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm rupture of membranes, preterm labor, incompetent cervix, intrauterine growth retardation, and persistent second- or third-trimester bleeding. In addition, certain guidelines should be followed in order to prevent harmful effects on the fetus. This article reviews the maternal and fetal responses to exercise, benefits and potential risks of exercise during pregnancy, and recent guidelines for exercise during pregnancy. It is important to note, however, that objective data regarding exercise during pregnancy is limited and that further research is warranted regarding this topic.
运动已成为许多女性生活方式中不可或缺的一部分。然而，许多女性在孕期会停止运动，因为担心胎儿的健康。尽管怀孕伴随着一些生理变化，且孕期对运动的反应与非孕期不同，但在没有产科或医学并发症的情况下，运动对孕妇可能有益。孕期运动存在某些禁忌症，包括妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、早产、宫颈机能不全、胎儿宫内生长受限以及孕中期或孕晚期持续出血。此外，为防止对胎儿产生有害影响，应遵循某些指导原则。本文综述了母体和胎儿对运动的反应、孕期运动的益处和潜在风险，以及近期的孕期运动指导原则。然而，需要注意的是，关于孕期运动的客观数据有限，这一主题仍需进一步研究。
