Ziboh V A, Miller C C, Cho Y
Department of Dermatology, University of California-Davis, 95616, USA.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2000 Nov;63(1-2):3-13. doi: 10.1016/s0090-6980(00)00093-9.
The skin displays a highly active metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Dietary deficiency of linoleic acid (LA), an 18-carbon (n-6) PUFA, results in characteristic scaly skin disorder and excessive epidermal water loss. Although arachidonic acid (AA), a 20-carbon (n-6) PUFA, is metabolized via cyclooxygenase pathway into predominantly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2alpha. The 15-lipoygenase is very active in this tissue and catalyzes the transformation of 20-carbon AA into predominantly 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE). Similarly, the epidermal 15-lipoxygenase also catalyzes the transformation of 18-carbon LA and 20-carbon dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) and 15-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (15-HETrE), respectively. The monohydroxy fatty acids are incorporated in phospholipids which undergo catalysis to yield substituted-diacylglycerols (13-HODE-DAG) and 15-HETrE-DAG) which exert anti-inflammatory/antiproliferative effects on the skin.
皮肤表现出多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的高活性代谢。膳食中缺乏18碳（n-6）多不饱和脂肪酸亚油酸（LA）会导致特征性的鳞状皮肤疾病和表皮水分过度流失。虽然20碳（n-6）多不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸（AA）通过环氧化酶途径主要代谢为前列腺素E2（PGE2）和前列腺素F2α。15-脂氧合酶在该组织中非常活跃，并催化20碳的AA主要转化为15-羟基二十碳四烯酸（15-HETE）。同样，表皮15-脂氧合酶也分别催化18碳的LA和20碳的二高-γ-亚麻酸（DGLA）转化为13-羟基十八碳二烯酸（13-HODE）和15-羟基二十碳三烯酸（15-HETrE）。单羟基脂肪酸被掺入磷脂中，磷脂经过催化产生取代二酰基甘油（13-HODE-DAG）和15-HETrE-DAG），它们对皮肤具有抗炎/抗增殖作用。
