Robertson I D, Irwin P J, Lymbery A J, Thompson R C
Division of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia 6150, Murdoch, Australia.
Int J Parasitol. 2000 Nov;30(12-13):1369-77. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00134-x.
Pets offer individuals and the community significant benefits, however cognisance must be taken of the potential for transmission of infectious agents from these animals to humans. The prevalence of many parasites, such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, has increased over the past few decades while others, such as Toxocara and Ancylostoma, have decreased. These changes could be real, associated with the ready availability of efficacious anthelmintic products or could be artificial due to the type of surveys conducted, the animals surveyed and the diagnostic tests used. Immunocompromised people, in particular, must be aware of the potential risk of acquiring parasitic infections from their pets. However, with the adoption of good hygiene and a thorough knowledge of the transmission of these parasites, immunocompromised people should be able to continue to enjoy the significant benefits of pet ownership. As many owners are not aware of the zoonotic parasites that could be carried by their pets or their mode of transmission, it is concluded that veterinarians need to play a greater role in the education of their clients.
宠物给个人和社区带来了诸多显著益处，然而必须认识到这些动物有可能将传染源传播给人类。在过去几十年里，许多寄生虫（如贾第虫和隐孢子虫）的流行率有所上升，而其他一些寄生虫（如弓蛔虫和钩虫）的流行率则有所下降。这些变化可能是真实的，与高效驱虫产品的易于获取有关，也可能是由于所开展的调查类型、被调查的动物以及所使用的诊断测试而人为造成的。特别是免疫功能低下的人，必须意识到从宠物身上感染寄生虫的潜在风险。然而，通过保持良好的卫生习惯并充分了解这些寄生虫的传播方式，免疫功能低下的人应该能够继续享受养宠物带来的诸多显著益处。由于许多宠物主人并不知晓其宠物可能携带的人畜共患寄生虫或其传播方式，因此得出结论，兽医需要在对客户的教育中发挥更大作用。
