Liu Y, Steinacker J M
Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, Steinhövelstr. 9, D-89070 Ulm, Germany.
Front Biosci. 2001 Jan 1;6:D12-25. doi: 10.2741/liu.
In response to stress, cells rapidly produce a series of new proteins known as heat shock proteins (HSP). HSPs are considered to be molecular chaperones which play a universal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is known that different HSPs are expressed in skeletal muscle, namely, small HSPs (including ubiquitin, alpha B- crystallin, HSP20 and HSP 27), HSP70, HSP60 and HSP90. Skeletal muscle is a complex and heterogeneous system in that its contractile proteins are made of different isoforms to form various muscle fibre types, and each type of muscle fibre has its own histochemical and functional characteristics. It seems that the induction of HSPs differs with muscle fibre type suggesting HSP expression is muscle fibre type specific. HSPs have been shown to respond in muscle diseases and following exercise. However, the molecular mechanisms of HSP induction, regulation and its role in maintaining the muscle function, are not completely understood. Relatively few studies of HSP have been conducted in human skeletal muscles. This review discusses the significance of changes of HSPs in skeletal muscle in both physiological and pathological conditions.
作为对压力的反应，细胞会迅速产生一系列被称为热休克蛋白（HSP）的新蛋白质。热休克蛋白被认为是分子伴侣，在维持细胞内稳态中发挥着普遍作用。已知不同的热休克蛋白在骨骼肌中表达，即小分子热休克蛋白（包括泛素、αB-晶状体蛋白、HSP20和HSP27）、HSP70、HSP60和HSP90。骨骼肌是一个复杂的异质系统，其收缩蛋白由不同的异构体组成，形成各种肌纤维类型，并且每种肌纤维类型都有其自身的组织化学和功能特征。热休克蛋白的诱导似乎因肌纤维类型而异，这表明热休克蛋白的表达具有肌纤维类型特异性。热休克蛋白已被证明在肌肉疾病和运动后会产生反应。然而，热休克蛋白诱导、调节的分子机制及其在维持肌肉功能中的作用尚未完全了解。在人类骨骼肌中进行的热休克蛋白研究相对较少。本综述讨论了热休克蛋白在生理和病理条件下骨骼肌中变化的意义。
