Matranga V, Toia G, Bonaventura R, Müller W E
Istituto di Biologia dello Sviluppo, CNR, Palermo, Italy.
Cell Stress Chaperones. 2000 Apr;5(2):113-20. doi: 10.1379/1466-1268(2000)005<0113:cabrte>2.0.co;2.
Coelomocytes are considered to be immune effectors of sea urchins. Subpopulations of coelomocytes can be purified from a total cell suspension. The proportion of each cell type can vary not only among species, but also between individuals of the same species, according to their size and physiological conditions. We tested the hypothesis that coelomocytes play a role in defense mechanisms activated by adverse external conditions. Total coelomocytes from control and stressed (temperature, pollution, and injuries) sea urchins were analyzed for their expression of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (hsp70), a well recognized stress marker. Further analysis was performed by separation of coelomocytes into subpopulations by step gradients. We demonstrated that sea urchin coelomocytes respond to temperature shock and to polluted seawater by the upregulation of hsp70. Among coelomocytes certain cells, known as red spherula cells, showed a great increase in number in animals collected from polluted seawaters or subjected to "accidental" injury. The present study confirms the immunological function of sea urchin coelomocytes, as indicated by the upregulation of the hsp70 molecular marker, and suggests that sea urchin coelomocytes can be utilized as sensitive bio-indicators of environmental stress.
体腔细胞被认为是海胆的免疫效应细胞。体腔细胞亚群可从总细胞悬液中纯化出来。每种细胞类型的比例不仅在不同物种之间有所不同，而且在同一物种的个体之间也会因大小和生理状况而有所差异。我们检验了这样一个假设，即体腔细胞在由不利外部条件激活的防御机制中发挥作用。对来自对照和受应激（温度、污染和损伤）的海胆的总体腔细胞进行分析，检测其70 kDa热休克蛋白（hsp70）的表达，hsp70是一种公认的应激标志物。通过逐步梯度将体腔细胞分离成亚群进行进一步分析。我们证明海胆体腔细胞通过hsp70的上调对温度休克和受污染海水作出反应。在体腔细胞中，某些细胞，即所谓的红色球状体细胞，在从受污染海水中采集或遭受“意外”损伤的动物体内数量大幅增加。本研究证实了hsp70分子标志物上调所表明的海胆体腔细胞的免疫功能，并表明海胆体腔细胞可作为环境应激的敏感生物指标。
