Culley C A, Mayer J A, Eckhardt L, Busic A J, Eichenfield L F, Sallis J F, Quintana P J, Woodruff S I
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Jan;44(1):53-60. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2001.110063.
The prevalence rates of both skin cancers and indoor tanning among the US population are high and have increased substantially in recent years. Low compliance by indoor tanning facilities with safety regulations may place consumers at greater risk of skin and ocular damage.
This study quantified the level of compliance by indoor tanning facilities with selected federal and state regulations and recommendations.
Tanning facilities (N = 54) in San Diego County, California, were visited by a confederate posing as a prospective customer. Compliance with 13 regulations/recommendations were assessed by either direct query or observation of the presence/absence of signs and warning labels. Operators' responses to 5 risk-based questions also were noted.
No facility complied with all 13 regulations/recommendations. Compliance with 3 protective eyewear regulations was high (89%-100%). In contrast, compliance with maximum tanning frequency recommendations (approximately 6%) and parental consent regulations (approximately 43%) was disturbingly low.
The investigators recommend instituting mandatory, comprehensive training for operators, as well as systematic compliance monitoring with enforcement of penalties for noncompliance.
在美国人群中，皮肤癌和室内晒黑的患病率都很高，且近年来大幅上升。室内晒黑设施对安全规定的低遵守率可能会使消费者面临更大的皮肤和眼部损伤风险。
本研究量化了室内晒黑设施对选定的联邦和州法规及建议的遵守程度。
一名卧底假扮潜在客户走访了加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县的晒黑设施（N = 54）。通过直接询问或观察标志和警告标签的有无来评估对13项法规/建议的遵守情况。还记录了经营者对5个基于风险问题的回答。
没有一家设施遵守所有13项法规/建议。对3项防护眼镜法规的遵守率很高（89%-100%）。相比之下，对最大晒黑频率建议（约6%）和家长同意法规（约43%）的遵守率低得令人不安。
调查人员建议对经营者进行强制性的全面培训，以及进行系统的合规监测，并对违规行为实施处罚。
