Kossenko M M, Ostroumova Y, Akleyev A, Startsev N, Degteva M, Granath F, Hall P
Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
Radiat Environ Biophys. 2000 Dec;39(4):219-25. doi: 10.1007/s004110000074.
From 1949 onwards, radioactive waste was released into the Techa River in the southern Urals and the population living along the river was exposed to ionising radiation. Relocation of these people did not start until several years later, causing many individuals to be exposed to substantial doses from internal and external radiation. The identification and follow-up of the exposed individuals started more than 40 years ago and is still continuing. The Techa River offspring cohort (TROC) that has recently been established, comprises 10,459 children born to at least one parent living along the Techa River during the period 1950-1992. Of these children, 3,897 were born during the period of highest release, i.e. between 1950 and 1956 and might thus have been exposed in utero. A total of 1,103 individuals have since died mainly due to infectious and respiratory diseases, injury and poisoning. Only 25 cases were identified as having died of a malignant condition. The radioactive contamination of the Techa River in the southern Urals gives a unique possibility to study the adverse effects of protracted exposure to ionising radiation in a large well-described cohort. The Techa River offspring cohort will make it possible to study the effects on those exposed in utero or early in life and the follow-up of the cohort in the future is, therefore, of great importance. Comparisons with other cohorts of humans exposed early in life, will increase our knowledge in this field of research.
从1949年起，放射性废物被排放到乌拉尔南部的捷恰河中，居住在河边的居民受到了电离辐射。直到几年后这些人才开始搬迁，导致许多人受到内、外辐射的大量照射。对受照人员的识别和随访始于40多年前，目前仍在继续。最近建立的捷恰河后代队列（TROC）包括10459名儿童，他们至少有一位父母在1950年至1992年期间居住在捷恰河沿岸。在这些儿童中，3897名出生于排放最高的时期，即1950年至1956年之间，因此可能在子宫内就受到了照射。自那时以来，共有1103人死亡，主要死因是传染病、呼吸道疾病、损伤和中毒。只有25例被确定死于恶性疾病。乌拉尔南部捷恰河的放射性污染为在一个大规模且描述详尽的队列中研究长期暴露于电离辐射的不良影响提供了独特的机会。捷恰河后代队列将有助于研究对子宫内或生命早期受照者的影响，因此，对该队列的随访具有重要意义。与其他生命早期受照的人类队列进行比较，将增加我们在这一研究领域的知识。
