Mikucka A, Janicka G, Krawiecka D, Kochanowska J
Department of Microbiology, Medical University, ul. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2000 Mar-Apr;6(2):300-4.
Moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) may normally be found in the upper respiratory tract. This bacterium, however, may cause infections such as acute otitis media, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, bronchitis chronica, pneumonia, endocarditis, septicaemia and meningitis. Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were the main causative agents responsible for respiratory tract infections. The major resistance problems associated with these species are those which cause resistance to beta-lactams. beta-lactamase was produced by > 80% M. catarrhalis strains. The susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin was tested in 137 M. catarrhalis strains. All the strains resistant to ampicillin produced beta-lactamase and were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. For M. catarrhalis, the most active antimicrobials included cefuroxime (99%), ciprofloxacin (99%) and erythromycin (93%).
卡他莫拉菌通常可在上呼吸道中发现。然而，这种细菌可能会引发感染，如急性中耳炎、鼻窦炎、结膜炎、慢性支气管炎、肺炎、心内膜炎、败血症和脑膜炎。流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和卡他莫拉菌是导致呼吸道感染的主要病原体。与这些菌种相关的主要耐药问题是那些导致对β-内酰胺类耐药的问题。超过80%的卡他莫拉菌菌株会产生β-内酰胺酶。对137株卡他莫拉菌菌株测试了它们对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢呋辛、红霉素、环丙沙星的敏感性。所有对氨苄西林耐药的菌株都产生β-内酰胺酶，并且对阿莫西林/克拉维酸敏感。对于卡他莫拉菌，最有效的抗菌药物包括头孢呋辛（99%）、环丙沙星（99%）和红霉素（93%）。
