Stokols D
School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
Behav Med. 2000 Fall;26(3):129-38. doi: 10.1080/08964280009595760.
Social ecology offers a conceptual framework for understanding the etiology of multiple health problems and a basis for designing broad-gauge educational, therapeutic, and policy interventions to enhance personal and community well-being. Implications of social ecology for behavioral medicine are considered in relation to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic practices, professional training programs, and health policies implemented at municipal, state, and national levels. By influencing the training and practices of healthcare professionals and the decisions of corporate and community leaders, behavioral medicine can expand the scope and impact of future interventions beyond the health gains achievable through provision of direct services to patient populations. Potential barriers to establishing ecologically based health programs and policies and directions for research at the interface of behavioral medicine, social ecology, and public health are discussed.
社会生态学为理解多种健康问题的病因提供了一个概念框架，也是设计广泛的教育、治疗和政策干预措施以增进个人和社区福祉的基础。社会生态学对行为医学的影响在诊断和治疗实践、专业培训项目以及市、州和国家层面实施的卫生政策的发展方面得到了考量。通过影响医疗保健专业人员的培训和实践以及企业和社区领导人的决策，行为医学可以扩大未来干预措施的范围和影响，超越通过向患者群体提供直接服务所能实现的健康收益。本文还讨论了建立基于生态学的健康项目和政策的潜在障碍以及行为医学、社会生态学和公共卫生交叉领域的研究方向。
