Mazur J E
Department of Psychology, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, USA.
Psychol Rev. 2001 Jan;108(1):96-112. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.108.1.96.
Three mathematical models of choice--the contextual-choice model (R. Grace, 1994), delay-reduction theory (N. Squires & E. Fantino, 1971), and a new model called the hyperbolic value-added model--were compared in their ability to predict the results from a wide variety of experiments with animal subjects. When supplied with 2 or 3 free parameters, all 3 models made fairly accurate predictions for a large set of experiments that used concurrent-chain procedures. One advantage of the hyperbolic value-added model is that it is derived from a simpler model that makes accurate predictions for many experiments using discrete-trial adjusting-delay procedures. Some results favor the hyperbolic value-added model and delay-reduction theory over the contextual-choice model, but more data are needed from choice situations for which the models make distinctly different predictions.
比较了三种选择的数学模型——情境选择模型（R. 格雷斯，1994年）、延迟减少理论（N. 斯奎尔斯和E. 法蒂诺，1971年）以及一种名为双曲线增值模型的新模型——预测大量动物实验结果的能力。当提供2个或3个自由参数时，所有这三种模型对大量使用并发链程序的实验都做出了相当准确的预测。双曲线增值模型的一个优点是，它源自一个更简单的模型，该模型对许多使用离散试验调整延迟程序的实验都能做出准确预测。一些结果表明，双曲线增值模型和延迟减少理论比情境选择模型更具优势，但对于模型做出明显不同预测的选择情况，还需要更多数据。
