Cruchaga S, Echeita A, Aladueña A, García-Peña J, Frias N, Usera M A
Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia de Salmonella y Shigella, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Virología e Inmunología Sanitarias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo, s/n, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001 Mar;47(3):315-21. doi: 10.1093/jac/47.3.315.
We studied 1710 Salmonella: spp. isolates from human (1051), food (421) and animal (238) sources. They were tested by the disc diffusion method for susceptibility to 12 different antimicrobial agents. The incidence of resistance and multiple resistance (MR) among the salmonella strains of different origins, the relationship between their most frequent serotypes and phage types (PTs) and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were determined. In general, the incidence of resistance and MR was significantly higher in animal isolates than in human and food isolates (P < 0.05). Resistance to each individual drug among the human isolates and food isolates was very similar, with resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin and sulphonamides most frequently observed. MR has remained uncommon in Salmonella enteritidis. Nevertheless, 90% of PT6A of the human isolates and 100% of the food isolates were ampicillin resistant and 80 and 60%, respectively, of the PT1 isolates were nalidixic acid resistant. Salmonella typhimurium was the most multiresistant serotype in the three sample populations and ten different patterns of MR were seen. Almost 100% of the Salmonella hadar isolates, from human and food sources, were resistant. We recommend restriction of the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine in order to reduce the selection and spread of multiresistant strains.
我们研究了1710株沙门氏菌属分离株，这些分离株分别来自人类（1051株）、食品（421株）和动物（238株）。采用纸片扩散法检测它们对12种不同抗菌药物的敏感性。确定了不同来源沙门氏菌菌株的耐药率和多重耐药率（MR），以及它们最常见的血清型和噬菌体类型（PTs）之间的关系及其抗菌药物耐药模式。总体而言，动物分离株的耐药率和MR显著高于人类和食品分离株（P<0.05）。人类分离株和食品分离株对每种单一药物的耐药情况非常相似，最常见的是对氨苄西林、四环素、链霉素和磺胺类药物耐药。肠炎沙门氏菌中MR仍然不常见。然而，人类分离株中90%的PT6A和食品分离株中100%对氨苄西林耐药，PT1分离株中分别有80%和60%对萘啶酸耐药。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是三个样本群体中多重耐药性最强的血清型，共观察到10种不同的MR模式。来自人类和食品来源的哈达尔沙门氏菌分离株几乎100%耐药。我们建议限制在兽医学中使用抗生素，以减少多重耐药菌株的选择和传播。
