Mares-Perlman J A, Fisher A I, Klein R, Palta M, Block G, Millen A E, Wright J D
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 610 North Walnut Street, 460 WARF, Madison, WI 53705-2397, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Mar 1;153(5):424-32. doi: 10.1093/aje/153.5.424.
Relations of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet and serum to photographic evidence of early and late age-related maculopathy (ARM) among persons over age 40 years (n = 8,222) were examined. Inverse relations of these carotenoids in the diet or serum to any form of ARM were not observed overall. There was a direct relation of dietary levels to one type of early ARM (soft drusen). However, relations differed by age and race. In the youngest age groups who were at risk for developing early (ages 40-59 years) or late (ages 60-79 years) ARM, higher levels of lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet were related to lower odds for pigmentary abnormalities, one sign of early ARM (odds ratio among persons in high vs. low quintiles = 0.1, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.1, 0.3) and of late ARM (odds ratio = 0.1, 95 percent confidence interval: 0.0, 0.9) after adjustment for age, gender, alcohol use, hypertension, smoking, and body mass index. Relations of these carotenoids to ARM may be influenced by age and race and require further evaluation in separate populations and in prospective studies.
对40岁以上人群（n = 8222）饮食和血清中的类胡萝卜素叶黄素和玉米黄质与早期和晚期年龄相关性黄斑病变（ARM）的影像学证据之间的关系进行了研究。总体上未观察到饮食或血清中的这些类胡萝卜素与任何形式的ARM之间存在负相关关系。饮食水平与一种早期ARM（软性玻璃膜疣）存在正相关关系。然而，这种关系因年龄和种族而异。在有发生早期（40 - 59岁）或晚期（60 - 79岁）ARM风险的最年轻年龄组中，饮食中叶黄素和玉米黄质水平较高与色素异常（早期ARM的一个迹象）的较低几率相关（高五分位数与低五分位数人群的比值比 = 0.1，95%置信区间：0.1，0.3），以及与晚期ARM（比值比 = 0.1，95%置信区间：0.0，0.9）相关，在对年龄、性别、饮酒、高血压、吸烟和体重指数进行调整后。这些类胡萝卜素与ARM的关系可能受年龄和种族影响，需要在不同人群和前瞻性研究中进一步评估。
