Rouder J N, Ratcliff R, McKoon G
Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2000 Jan;11(1):13-9. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00208.
People name well-known objects shown in pictures more quickly if they have studied them previously. The most common interpretation of this priming effect is that processing is facilitated by an implicit memory trace in a perceptual representation system. We show that object priming can be explained instead as a bias in information processing, without recourse to an implicit memory system. Assumptions about psychological decision-making processes and bias were added to a neural network model for object identification, and the model accounted for performance both qualitatively and quantitatively in four object identification experiments.
如果人们之前学习过图片中展示的知名物体，那么他们能够更快地说出这些物体的名称。对于这种启动效应，最常见的解释是，在感知表征系统中，一个内隐记忆痕迹促进了加工过程。我们证明，物体启动效应反而可以解释为信息加工中的一种偏差，而无需借助内隐记忆系统。将关于心理决策过程和偏差的假设添加到一个用于物体识别的神经网络模型中，该模型在四个物体识别实验中对表现进行了定性和定量的解释。
