Clancy S A, Schacter D L, McNally R J, Pitman R K
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St. Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Psychol Sci. 2000 Jan;11(1):26-31. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00210.
False recognition--the mistaken belief that one has previously encountered a novel item--was examined in four groups of subjects: women reporting recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, women who believe that they were sexually abused as children but who cannot recall this abuse (the "repressed" group), women who were sexually abused as children and always remembered the abuse, and women with no history of childhood sexual abuse. Subjects were administered a Deese/Roediger-McDermott paradigm. The results suggest that the recovered-memory group was more prone to false recognition than the other groups. In addition, women reporting recovered and repressed memories showed greater reduction in false recognition across study trials than did other subjects, perhaps reflecting strategic changes in performance.
错误识别——即错误地认为自己之前曾遇到过某个新事物——在四组受试者中进行了研究:报告恢复了童年性虐待记忆的女性、认为自己童年时曾遭受性虐待但无法回忆起这种虐待的女性(“压抑”组)、童年时遭受性虐待且一直记得这种虐待的女性,以及没有童年性虐待史的女性。受试者接受了迪斯/罗迪格 - 麦克德莫特范式测试。结果表明,恢复记忆组比其他组更容易出现错误识别。此外,报告恢复和压抑记忆的女性在整个学习试验中错误识别的减少幅度比其他受试者更大,这可能反映了表现上的策略性变化。