Farran M T, Dakessian P B, Darwish A H, Uwayjan M G, Dbouk H K, Sleiman F T, Ashkarian V M
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
Poult Sci. 2001 Feb;80(2):203-8. doi: 10.1093/ps/80.2.203.
Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of feeding 60% untreated (U) or coarsely ground treated vetch (V) seeds on performance of broilers and laying hens. In Experiment 1, the V seeds were soaked in 1% NaHCO3 (1:10) or in 1% acetic acid (1:5) at room temperature for 24 h (RTAA). Birds on the NaHCO3-treated V diet had 100% mortality rate but had significantly longer survival time than those on UV (14.9 vs 5.1 d). Birds on RTAA-V survived and had similar BW and feed conversion but greater kidney size than those of the controls at 7 wk of age (P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, control, UV, V soaked in water at 40 C (40WV), RTAA-V, and V soaked in acetic acid at 40 C (40AAV) diets were fed to laying hens for 84 d. The ground seeds in RTAA-V and 40AAV were soaked in acetic acid (1:10) at room temperature or at 40 C, respectively, for 24 h. For 40WV, the seeds were soaked in water (1:10) at 40 C for 72 h with a water change every 12 h. The UV-fed hens ceased egg production within 14 d and had the highest BW loss and the lowest feed intake among all treatments (P < 0.05). The 40WV and 40AAV significantly improved these criteria. Moreover, the RTAA-V resulted in performance comparable to that of the controls. Eggs produced by hens on treated V diets had similar weight but higher Haugh unit score (11 points), thinner shell, and lower yolk color score than those of the controls (P < 0.05). Results indicated that RTAA-V at 60% dietary level was not detrimental to broilers and laying hens.
进行了两项试验，以研究饲喂60%未经处理（U）或粗磨处理的巢菜（V）种子对肉鸡和蛋鸡生产性能的影响。在试验1中，将V种子在室温下于1%碳酸氢钠（1:10）或1%乙酸（1:5）中浸泡24小时（室温乙酸处理）。饲喂经碳酸氢钠处理的V日粮的鸡死亡率为100%，但存活时间显著长于饲喂UV日粮的鸡（14.9天对5.1天）。室温乙酸处理-V日粮组的鸡存活下来，7周龄时体重和饲料转化率与对照组相似，但肾脏体积大于对照组（P<0.05）。在试验2中，将对照、UV、在40℃水中浸泡的V（40WV）、室温乙酸处理-V和在40℃乙酸中浸泡的V（40AAV）日粮饲喂蛋鸡84天。室温乙酸处理-V和4AAV中的磨碎种子分别在室温或40℃下于乙酸（1:10）中浸泡24小时。对于40WV，种子在40℃水中（1:10）浸泡72小时，每12小时换水一次。饲喂UV日粮的母鸡在14天内停止产蛋，在所有处理中体重损失最大，采食量最低（P<0.05）。40WV和40AAV显著改善了这些指标。此外，室温乙酸处理-V的生产性能与对照组相当。饲喂经处理的V日粮的母鸡所产鸡蛋重量相似，但哈夫单位评分更高（高11分），蛋壳更薄，蛋黄颜色评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。结果表明，日粮中60%的室温乙酸处理-V对肉鸡和蛋鸡无害。
