Vasiukova N I, Zinov'eva S V, Il'inskaia L I, Perekhod E A, Chalenko G I, Gerasimova N G, Il'ina A V, Varlamov V P, Ozeretskovskaia O L
Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 117071 Russia.
Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 2001 Jan-Feb;37(1):115-22.
Low-molecular-weight water-soluble chitosan with a molecular weight of 5 kDa obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of native crab chitosan was shown to display an elicitor activity by inducing the local and systemic resistance of Solanumi tuberosum potato and Lycopesicon esculentum tomato to Phytophthora infestans and nematodes, respectively. Chitosan induced the accumulation of phytoalexins in tissues of host plants, decreased the total content and changed the composition of free sterols producing adverse effects on infesters, activated chitinases, beta-glucanases, and lipoxygenases, and stimulated the generation of reactive oxygen species. The activation of protective mechanisms in plant tissues inhibited the growth of taxonomically different pathogens (parasitic fungus Phytophthora infestans and root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita).
通过对天然蟹壳聚糖进行酶解获得的分子量为5 kDa的低分子量水溶性壳聚糖，经证明分别通过诱导马铃薯和番茄对致病疫霉和线虫的局部及系统抗性，表现出诱导子活性。壳聚糖诱导宿主植物组织中植保素的积累，降低游离甾醇的总含量并改变其组成，从而对侵染者产生不利影响，激活几丁质酶、β-葡聚糖酶和脂氧合酶，并刺激活性氧的产生。植物组织中保护机制的激活抑制了分类学上不同病原体（寄生真菌致病疫霉和根结线虫南方根结线虫）的生长。
