Agostoni C, Marangoni F, Lammardo A M, Giovannini M, Riva E, Galli C
Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, 20142, Italy.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2001 Feb;64(2):105-9. doi: 10.1054/plef.2001.0248.
The associations of breastfeeding duration and milk fat composition with the developmental outcome at 1 year of age were measured within 44 infants exclusively breastfed for 3 months, out of 95 recruited at birth. Pooled breast milk (hindmilk) of the mothers was analysed at colostrum, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for total fat and fatty acid content. Infants were examined at 12 months by means of the Bayley test. There was a progressive reduction of the number of breastfed babies after the introduction of solids to 29 (6 months), 17 (9 months) and 10 (12 months). After adjusting for major confounders, infants breastfed for 6 months or longer showed a trend to have an advantage at the Bayley psychomotor developmental index compared to those breastfed >3 and <6 months (95% CI for difference: - 0.6, 13.8; P= 0.07) while the Bayley mental developmental index (MDI) was just 2.1 points higher. Among the milk fat components considered for each time-point, the total fat content at 6 months showed the strongest association with the MDI at 12 months (r=0.59, P=0.001). Prolonging breastfeeding during the weaning process may result in a better developmental performance at 12 months, possibly due to the supply of fats affecting brain composition.
在出生时招募的95名婴儿中，对44名纯母乳喂养3个月的婴儿测量了母乳喂养持续时间和乳脂肪成分与1岁时发育结局之间的关联。在初乳期、第1、3、6、9和12个月时，对母亲的混合母乳（后奶）进行总脂肪和脂肪酸含量分析。在12个月时通过贝利测试对婴儿进行检查。引入固体食物后，母乳喂养婴儿的数量逐渐减少，分别为29名（6个月）、17名（9个月）和10名（12个月）。在对主要混杂因素进行调整后，与母乳喂养3个月以上但不足6个月的婴儿相比，母乳喂养6个月或更长时间的婴儿在贝利心理运动发育指数上有优势的趋势（差异的95%CI：-0.6，13.8；P = 0.07），而贝利智力发育指数（MDI）仅高2.1分。在每个时间点考虑的乳脂肪成分中，6个月时的总脂肪含量与12个月时的MDI关联最强（r = 0.59，P = 0.001）。在断奶过程中延长母乳喂养可能会导致12个月时发育表现更好，这可能是由于脂肪供应影响了大脑组成。
