Ioannidu S, Walter L, Dressel R, Günther E
Division of Immunogenetics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
J Immunol. 2001 Mar 15;166(6):3957-65. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.6.3957.
The rat is an important model for studying organ graft rejection and susceptibility to certain complex diseases. The MHC, the RT1 complex, plays a decisive role in controlling these traits. We have cloned the telomeric class I region of the RT1 complex, RT1-C/E/M, of the BN inbred rat strain in a contig of overlapping P1-derived artificial chromosome clones encompassing approximately 2 Mb, and present a physical map of this MHC region. Forty-five class I exon 4-hybridizing BAM:HI fragments were detected, including the previously known rat class I genes RT1-E, RT-BM1, RT1-N, RT1-M2, RT1-M3, and RT1-M4. Twenty-six non-class I genes known to map to the corresponding part of the human and mouse MHC were tested and could be fine mapped in the RT1-C/E/M region at orthologous position. Four previously known microsatellite markers were fine mapped in the RT1-C/E/M region and found to occur in multiple copies. In addition, a new, single-copy polymorphic microsatellite has been defined. The expression profiles of several class I genes and the 26 non-class I genes were determined in 13 different tissues and exhibited restricted patterns in most cases. The data provide further molecular information on the MHC for analyzing disease susceptibility and underline the usefulness of the rat model.
大鼠是研究器官移植排斥反应和对某些复杂疾病易感性的重要模型。主要组织相容性复合体（MHC），即RT1复合体，在控制这些性状方面起决定性作用。我们在一个包含约2 Mb的重叠P1衍生人工染色体克隆的重叠群中克隆了近交系BN大鼠品系RT1复合体的端粒I类区域RT1-C/E/M，并给出了该MHC区域的物理图谱。检测到45个I类外显子4杂交的BAM:HI片段，包括先前已知的大鼠I类基因RT1-E、RT-BM1、RT1-N、RT1-M2、RT1-M3和RT1-M4。对26个已知定位于人类和小鼠MHC相应部分的非I类基因进行了检测，并可在RT1-C/E/M区域的直系同源位置进行精细定位。4个先前已知的微卫星标记在RT1-C/E/M区域进行了精细定位，发现它们以多拷贝形式存在。此外，还定义了一个新的单拷贝多态微卫星。在13种不同组织中测定了几个I类基因和26个非I类基因的表达谱，在大多数情况下呈现出受限的模式。这些数据为分析疾病易感性提供了关于MHC的进一步分子信息，并强调了大鼠模型的有用性。
