Rahman K
School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moore University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):977S-9S. doi: 10.1093/jn/131.3.977S.
Cardiovascular disease is a complex and multifactorial disease characterized by such factors as high cholesterol, hypertension, reduced fibrinolysis, increase in blood-clotting time and increased platelet aggregation. Dietary therapy is the first step in the treatment of hyperlipidemia; garlic has been used medicinally for centuries and is still included in the traditional medicine of many cultures. Historically, there has been great interest in the role of garlic in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. Evidence from numerous studies points to the fact that garlic can bring about the normalization of plasma lipids, enhancement of fibrinolytic activity, inhibition of platelet aggregation and reduction of blood pressure and glucose. However, some contradictory results have also emerged as a result of methodological shortcomings, the use of different formulations/preparations of garlic and different time scales of the studies. Accordingly, further clinical studies are required in which standardized formulations of garlic with known compositions can be used. Such formulations (e.g., Aged Garlic Extract) are now available and are being investigated. Evidence obtained from these studies indicates that garlic has potential in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disorders and is beneficial when taken as a dietary supplement.
心血管疾病是一种复杂的多因素疾病，其特征包括高胆固醇、高血压、纤维蛋白溶解减少、凝血时间延长和血小板聚集增加等因素。饮食疗法是治疗高脂血症的第一步；大蒜作为药用已有数百年历史，至今仍被许多文化的传统医学所采用。从历史上看，人们一直对大蒜在降低心血管危险因素方面的作用非常感兴趣。众多研究的证据表明，大蒜能够使血脂正常化、增强纤维蛋白溶解活性、抑制血小板聚集以及降低血压和血糖。然而，由于方法学上的缺陷、使用不同配方/制剂的大蒜以及研究的时间尺度不同，也出现了一些相互矛盾的结果。因此，需要进一步开展临床研究，使用已知成分的标准化大蒜制剂。现在已有此类制剂（如陈年大蒜提取物）并正在进行研究。从这些研究中获得的证据表明，大蒜在预防和控制心血管疾病方面具有潜力，作为膳食补充剂服用时是有益的。
