Bond G R, Becker D R, Drake R E, Rapp C A, Meisler N, Lehman A F, Bell M D, Blyler C R
Department of Psychology at Indiana University-Perdue University Indiapolis, Indianapolis 46202, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2001 Mar;52(3):313-22. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.52.3.313.
Supported employment for people with severe mental illness is an evidence-based practice, based on converging findings from eight randomized controlled trials and three quasi-experimental studies. The critical ingredients of supported employment have been well described, and a fidelity scale differentiates supported employment programs from other types of vocational services. The effectiveness of supported employment appears to be generalizable across a broad range of client characteristics and community settings. More research is needed on long-term outcomes and on cost-effectiveness. Access to supported employment programs remains a problem, despite their increasing use throughout the United States. The authors discuss barriers to implementation and strategies for overcoming them based on successful experiences in several states.
为重度精神疾病患者提供的支持性就业是一种基于证据的实践方法，它基于八项随机对照试验和三项准实验研究的一致结果。支持性就业的关键要素已得到充分描述，并且有一个保真度量表可以区分支持性就业项目与其他类型的职业服务。支持性就业的有效性似乎适用于广泛的客户特征和社区环境。在长期结果和成本效益方面还需要更多研究。尽管支持性就业项目在美国的使用越来越多，但获得这些项目的机会仍然是一个问题。作者根据几个州的成功经验讨论了实施过程中的障碍以及克服这些障碍的策略。
