Demakis G J, Sawyer T P, Fritz D, Sweet J J
Elmhurst College and Evanston Hospital, 190 Prospect Avenue, Elmhurst, NJ 60126, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2001 Mar;57(3):387-94. doi: 10.1002/jclp.1020.
The purpose of this study was to examine how Alzheimer's (n = 37) and Parkinson's (n = 21) patients perform on the incidental recall adaptation to the Digit Symbol of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) and how such performance is related to established cognitive efficiency and memory measures. This adaptation requires the examinee to complete the entire subtest and then, without warning, to immediately recall the symbols associated with each number. Groups did not differ significantly on standard Digit Symbol administration (90 seconds), but on recall Parkinson's patients recalled significantly more symbols and symbol-number pairs than Alzheimer's patients. Using only the number of symbols recalled, discriminate function analysis correctly classified 76% of these patients. Correlations between age-corrected scaled score, symbols incidentally recalled, and established measures of cognitive efficiency and memory provided evidence of convergent and divergent validity. Age-corrected scaled scores were more consistently and strongly related to cognitive efficiency, whereas symbols recalled were more consistently and strongly related to memory measures. These findings suggest that the Digit Symbol recall adaptation is actually assessing memory and that it can be another useful way to detect memory impairment.
本研究的目的是考察阿尔茨海默病患者（n = 37）和帕金森病患者（n = 21）在韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）数字符号的附带回忆适应性测试中的表现，以及这种表现与既定的认知效率和记忆测量指标之间的关系。这种适应性测试要求被试完成整个分测验，然后在没有提示的情况下，立即回忆与每个数字相关的符号。在标准数字符号测验（90秒）中，两组之间没有显著差异，但在回忆方面，帕金森病患者回忆出的符号和符号-数字对明显多于阿尔茨海默病患者。仅使用回忆出的符号数量，判别函数分析正确地将76%的这些患者分类。年龄校正量表分数、附带回忆出的符号以及既定的认知效率和记忆测量指标之间的相关性提供了聚合效度和区分效度的证据。年龄校正量表分数与认知效率的相关性更一致且更强，而回忆出的符号与记忆测量指标的相关性更一致且更强。这些发现表明，数字符号回忆适应性测试实际上是在评估记忆，并且它可以成为检测记忆损害的另一种有用方法。
