Bush R K, Portnoy J M
Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton VA Hospital, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Mar;107(3 Suppl):S430-40. doi: 10.1067/mai.2001.113669.
Sensitivity to a variety of fungi is known to be a factor in allergic rhinitis and asthma. In this review methods for measuring exposure to fungi in the indoor environment are evaluated. A variety of markers for the presence of fungi are also described in addition to their known relationship to either toxic or adverse immunologic effects. Key studies documenting the clinical effects of different types of fungi are also reviewed, as well as a description of abatement methods that either have been successful or need further investigation. Although many studies have shown an association between exposure to fungi and allergic disease, in many cases a direct cause-and-effect relationship has not been established. Improved knowledge of the epidemiology and mechanisms behind fungal-induced human disease will hopefully establish this causal link and suggest methods for reducing morbidity.
对多种真菌敏感是过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的一个已知因素。在这篇综述中，对测量室内环境中真菌暴露的方法进行了评估。除了已知的与毒性或不良免疫效应的关系外，还描述了多种真菌存在的标志物。记录不同类型真菌临床效应的关键研究也进行了综述，同时还描述了已成功或需要进一步研究的清除方法。尽管许多研究表明接触真菌与过敏性疾病之间存在关联，但在许多情况下，直接的因果关系尚未确立。希望对真菌引起的人类疾病背后的流行病学和机制有更深入的了解，能够建立这种因果联系，并提出降低发病率的方法。
