Kaneko S, Ohashi K, Soma K, Yanagishita M
1st Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
J Periodontal Res. 2001 Feb;36(1):9-17. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.00607.x.
The biological functions of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans are closely associated with mechanical stress on the tissue. In order to reveal the relationship between proteoglycans in the periodontal ligament and mechanical stress such as occlusal stimuli, occlusal hypofunction of rat unilateral mandibular molars was induced by extraction of the opposing first, second and third maxillary molars. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed using antibodies for chondroitin sulfate, decorin, biglycan, heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid-binding protein. Chondroitin sulfate, observed more strongly in the cervical side than in the apical side of the periodontal ligament of the unextracted sides of mandible, and uniformly present in the extracellular matrix of the periodontal ligament, decreased significantly from 1 wk post-extraction of the antagonists, with a decrease in thickness and disarrangement in fibrous components. Decorin core protein, uniformly present in the periodontal ligament of the unextracted sides, decreased as early on as 2 d post-extraction. Heparan sulfate, mainly localized on the cell surface of vascular endothelial cells and osteoclastic cells as well as in the extracellular matrix of the unextracted sides, decreased significantly in association with the decreased number of blood vessels and osteoclastic cells as early on as 2 d post-extraction. Biglycan, keratan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, uniformly distributed in the periodontal ligament of the unextracted sides, showed little change after the extraction. These results demonstrate that occlusal hypofunction causes tissue remodeling of the periodontal ligament, with a significant decrease of chondroitin sulfate, decorin and heparan sulfate.
蛋白聚糖和糖胺聚糖的生物学功能与组织上的机械应力密切相关。为了揭示牙周韧带中的蛋白聚糖与诸如咬合刺激等机械应力之间的关系，通过拔除对侧上颌第一、第二和第三磨牙诱导大鼠单侧下颌磨牙的咬合功能减退。使用针对硫酸软骨素、核心蛋白聚糖、双糖链蛋白聚糖、硫酸乙酰肝素、硫酸角质素和透明质酸结合蛋白的抗体进行免疫组织化学分析。硫酸软骨素在下颌未拔除侧牙周韧带的颈部比根尖部观察到更强，并且均匀地存在于牙周韧带的细胞外基质中，在拔除对侧牙后1周显著减少，同时纤维成分厚度降低且排列紊乱。核心蛋白聚糖在未拔除侧的牙周韧带中均匀存在，在拔除后2天就开始减少。硫酸乙酰肝素主要定位于血管内皮细胞和破骨细胞的细胞表面以及未拔除侧的细胞外基质中，在拔除后2天随着血管和破骨细胞数量的减少而显著减少。双糖链蛋白聚糖、硫酸角质素和透明质酸在未拔除侧的牙周韧带中均匀分布，拔除后变化不大。这些结果表明，咬合功能减退会导致牙周韧带的组织重塑，硫酸软骨素、核心蛋白聚糖和硫酸乙酰肝素显著减少。
