Nomura K, Singer D E, Aquavella J V
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Cornea. 2001 Mar;20(2):191-3. doi: 10.1097/00003226-200103000-00017.
To compare the topical effects of tetracaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine on corneal sensitivity in normal eyes.
Corneal touch sensitivity was measured with a Cochet-Bonnet anesthesiometer before and at 2.5-minute intervals after instillation of the anesthetic agent, until baseline levels had been reestablished. Seventeen healthy volunteers were randomized into five groups. Group 1 included 0.5% tetracaine (n = 6); group 2, 4% lidocaine (n = 8); group 3, 0.75% bupivacaine (n = 8); group 4, 0.5% tetracaine + 4% lidocaine (n = 5); and group 5, 0.5% tetracaine + 0.75% bupivacaine (n = 7).
The duration of anesthesia showed no differences between groups 1, 3, and 5. Although there was no difference between groups 2 and 4, both groups demonstrated significantly longer effects than groups 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.005).
The application of 4% lidocaine results in a significantly prolonged topical anesthetic effect when compared with tetracaine and bupivacaine.
比较丁卡因、利多卡因和布比卡因对正常眼角膜敏感性的局部作用。
在滴入麻醉剂前及滴入后每隔2.5分钟用科谢-博内麻醉计测量角膜触觉敏感性，直至恢复到基线水平。17名健康志愿者被随机分为五组。第1组包括0.5%丁卡因（n = 6）；第2组，4%利多卡因（n = 8）；第3组，0.75%布比卡因（n = 8）；第4组，0.5%丁卡因 + 4%利多卡因（n = 5）；第5组，0.5%丁卡因 + 0.75%布比卡因（n = 7）。
第1、3和5组之间麻醉持续时间无差异。虽然第2组和第4组之间无差异，但这两组的作用持续时间均明显长于第1、3和5组（p < 0.005）。
与丁卡因和布比卡因相比，应用4%利多卡因可显著延长局部麻醉作用时间。
