Sarchahi Ali Asghar, Eskandari Mehdi
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, PO Box 1793, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran.
Int Ophthalmol. 2019 Jul;39(7):1467-1474. doi: 10.1007/s10792-018-0969-0. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
To measure IOP in animals, it is often necessary to use topical anesthetics. The use of these drugs may cause changes in IOP and interfere with the final results. To address this issue, the effects of four local anesthetics (tetracaine, proparacaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine) on IOP were investigated in ten adult dogs.
One drop of tetracaine was instilled in the right eye of half of the dogs and in the left eye of the other dogs; normal saline was instilled in the fellow eyes. The IOP in each dog was measured before and at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 min after drug instillation using an electronic rebound tonometer. The effects of the other anesthetics were studied in the same way at intervals of at least 1 week.
After instillation of tetracaine, the IOP decreased gradually, such that after 15 min, the IOP was significantly lower than the baseline (p = 0.022) and control values (p = 0.048). Proparacaine also reduced IOP after 10 min compared to baseline values (p = 0.046), but the two other drugs, bupivacaine and lidocaine, had no significant effect on IOP. The duration of eye anesthesia was 16, 20, 22, and 34 min for tetracaine, lidocaine, bupivacaine, and proparacaine, respectively.
We recommend using drugs that combine inducing longer anesthesia with producing the smallest change in IOP, such as bupivacaine and, subsequently, lidocaine. Tetracaine and proparacaine have a significant effect on IOP, and if these drugs are used, this effect should be considered.
在动物身上测量眼压时，通常需要使用局部麻醉剂。这些药物的使用可能会导致眼压变化并干扰最终结果。为解决这一问题，研究了四种局部麻醉剂（丁卡因、丙美卡因、利多卡因和布比卡因）对十只成年犬眼压的影响。
给半数犬的右眼滴入一滴丁卡因，给另一半犬的左眼滴入一滴丁卡因；给对侧眼滴入生理盐水。使用电子回弹眼压计在滴药前以及滴药后0、5、10、15、20、25、30和35分钟测量每只犬的眼压。以至少1周的间隔，用同样的方法研究其他麻醉剂的效果。
滴入丁卡因后，眼压逐渐降低，15分钟后，眼压显著低于基线值（p = 0.022）和对照值（p = 0.048）。与基线值相比，丙美卡因在10分钟后也降低了眼压（p = 0.046），但另外两种药物布比卡因和利多卡因对眼压没有显著影响。丁卡因、利多卡因、布比卡因和丙美卡因的眼麻醉持续时间分别为16、20、22和34分钟。
我们建议使用既能诱导较长时间麻醉又能使眼压变化最小的药物，如布比卡因，其次是利多卡因。丁卡因和丙美卡因对眼压有显著影响，如果使用这些药物，应考虑这种影响。
