Skyberg K, Hansteen I L, Vistnes A I
Department of Occupational Medicine, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2001 Apr;22(3):150-60. doi: 10.1002/bem.33.
The objective was to study the risk of cytogenetic damage among high voltage laboratory workers exposed to electromagnetic fields and mineral oil. This is a cross sectional study of 24 exposed and 24 matched controls in a Norwegian transformer factory. The exposure group included employees in the high voltage laboratory and in the generator soldering department. Electric and magnetic fields and oil mist and vapor were measured. Blood samples were analyzed for chromosomal aberrations in cultured lymphocytes. In addition to conventional cultures, the lymphocytes were also treated with hydroxyurea and caffeine. This procedure inhibits DNA synthesis and repair in vitro, revealing in vivo genotoxic lesions that are repaired during conventional culturing. In conventional cultures, the exposure group and the controls showed similar values for all cytogenetic parameters. In the DNA synthesis- and repair-inhibited cultures, generator welders showed no differences compared to controls. Among high voltage laboratory testers, compared to the controls, the median number of chromatid breaks was doubled (5 vs. 2.5 per 50 cells; P<0.05) the median number of chromosome breaks was 2 vs. 0.5 (P>0.05) and the median number of aberrant cells was 5 vs. 3.5 (P<0.05). Further analysis of the inhibited culture data from this and a previous study indicated that years of exposure and smoking increase the risk of aberrations. We conclude that there was no increase in cytogenetic damage among exposed workers compared to controls in the conventional lymphocyte assay. In inhibited cultures, however, there were indications that electromagnetic fields in combination with mineral oil exposure may produce chromosomal aberrations.
目的是研究暴露于电磁场和矿物油中的高压实验室工作人员的细胞遗传损伤风险。这是一项对挪威一家变压器厂的24名暴露工人和24名匹配对照进行的横断面研究。暴露组包括高压实验室和发电机焊接部门的员工。测量了电场、磁场、油雾和蒸汽。对血样进行培养淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析。除了常规培养外，淋巴细胞还用羟基脲和咖啡因处理。该程序在体外抑制DNA合成和修复，揭示在常规培养过程中被修复的体内遗传毒性损伤。在常规培养中，暴露组和对照组在所有细胞遗传学参数上显示出相似的值。在DNA合成和修复抑制培养中，发电机焊工与对照组相比没有差异。在高压实验室测试人员中，与对照组相比，染色单体断裂的中位数增加了一倍（每50个细胞分别为5个和2.5个；P<0.05），染色体断裂的中位数为2个和0.5个（P>0.05），异常细胞的中位数为5个和3.5个（P<0.05）。对本研究和先前一项研究的抑制培养数据的进一步分析表明，暴露年限和吸烟会增加畸变风险。我们得出结论，在常规淋巴细胞检测中，与对照组相比，暴露工人的细胞遗传损伤没有增加。然而，在抑制培养中，有迹象表明电磁场与矿物油暴露相结合可能会产生染色体畸变。
