Al-Sulaiman A A
Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, PO Box 40180, Al-Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2001 Jan;22(1):19-21.
To study the clinical characteristics, electroencephalographic and computerized axial tomography profile in Saudi children with cerebral palsy who suffer epilepsy in a university referral center.
A total of 113 patients with cerebral palsy and epilepsy was seen (67 boys, 46 girls) with an over all mean age 5.3 years (range.2-12 years) during the study period (January 1998 - December 1999). They all had clinical evaluation and standardized electroencephalographic studies interpreted by the same examiner.
The main clinical features were language delay (61%), hypotonia (45%), hypertonia (38%), and behavioral abnormalities (41%). Seizure types included generalized in 96 (85%), and partial and complex partial with or without secondary generalization in 17 (15%). None of the patients had simple partial seizures. The generalized seizures were non-convulsive in 4 patients (3.5%), tonic/clonic 73 (65%), atonic 3 (3%), myoclonic 16 (14%), and mixed 2 (2%). Inter-ictal electroencephalographic abnormalities were epileptiform activity, generalized in 65 (57.5%) and focal 18 (16%), slow-wave activity in 58 (51%) and hypsarrythmia pattern in 6 (5%). Only 9 patients had normal electroencephalogram. The cranial computerized tomography findings were normal in 11.5%. The main abnormalities were cerebral atrophy (65%), hydrocephalus (8%) and agenesis of the corpus callosum (8%).
The pattern of seizure type in patients with cerebral palsy and types of electroencephalogram abnormalities electroencephalogram and cranial computerized tomography are comparable to the results from studies in other clinical settings and environments.
在一所大学转诊中心研究患有癫痫的沙特脑瘫儿童的临床特征、脑电图及计算机断层扫描情况。
在研究期间（1998年1月至1999年12月），共诊治了113例脑瘫合并癫痫患者（67例男孩，46例女孩），总体平均年龄5.3岁（范围2 - 12岁）。他们均接受了临床评估以及由同一名检查者解读的标准化脑电图检查。
主要临床特征为语言发育迟缓（61%）、肌张力低下（45%）、肌张力亢进（38%）和行为异常（41%）。癫痫发作类型包括全身性发作96例（85%），部分性发作和复杂部分性发作伴或不伴继发性全身性发作17例（15%）。无患者有单纯部分性发作。全身性发作中，非惊厥性发作4例（3.5%），强直/阵挛性发作73例（65%），失张力性发作3例（3%），肌阵挛性发作16例（14%），混合性发作2例（2%）。发作间期脑电图异常包括癫痫样放电，全身性65例（57.5%），局灶性18例（16%），慢波活动58例（51%），高峰失律模式6例（5%）。仅9例患者脑电图正常。头颅计算机断层扫描结果正常者占11.5%。主要异常为脑萎缩（65%）、脑积水（8%）和胼胝体发育不全（8%）。
脑瘫患者的癫痫发作类型模式、脑电图异常类型以及头颅计算机断层扫描结果与其他临床环境和条件下的研究结果具有可比性。
