Al-Sulaiman A A, Ismail H M
Department of Neurology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia.
Childs Nerv Syst. 1999 Sep;15(9):468-71. doi: 10.1007/s003810050441.
The clinical patterns, including history, examination, and electroencephalographic (EEG) and computed tomography (CT) findings were examined prospectively in 263 children (153 boys, 110 girls) with newly diagnosed recurrent seizures. The overall mean age was 4. 2 years, with a range of 0.05-13 years. The age of onset was within the first year of life in 128 (48.7%) of the patients. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (14.8%), febrile seizures (9.1%) and developmental delay (4.6%) were the predominant signs in this age group. Consanguinity of the parents was present in 29.7% cases. The main EEG abnormalities were epileptiform activity, which was generalized in 133 (50.6%) and focal in 80 (30.4%). Other abnormalities included slow wave activity in 41 (15.6%) and hypsarrhythmia in 3 (1.1%). The main seizure types were generalized in 60.4% and partial in 32.7%. The types of epileptic syndromes included localization-related (28.1%), generalized (23.2%), undetermined (37.4%) and (special) syndromes 11.4%. The cranial CT findings were normal in 60.5%, and the predominant abnormality was cerebral atrophy in 25.3%. The pattern of seizure types and the peak presentation in early childhood are comparable to those in western reports.
对263例新诊断为复发性癫痫发作的儿童（153名男孩，110名女孩）的临床模式进行了前瞻性研究，包括病史、体格检查、脑电图（EEG）和计算机断层扫描（CT）结果。总体平均年龄为4.2岁，范围为0.05至13岁。128例（48.7%）患者的发病年龄在1岁以内。缺氧缺血性脑病（14.8%）、热性惊厥（9.1%）和发育迟缓（4.6%）是该年龄组的主要症状。29.7%的病例存在父母近亲结婚情况。脑电图主要异常为癫痫样放电，其中133例（50.6%）为全身性，80例（30.4%）为局灶性。其他异常包括41例（15.6%）慢波活动和3例（1.1%）高度节律失调。主要癫痫发作类型全身性占60.4%，部分性占32.7%。癫痫综合征类型包括局灶性相关（28.1%）、全身性（23.2%）、未定型（37.4%）和（特殊）综合征11.4%。头颅CT检查结果60.5%正常，主要异常为脑萎缩占25.3%。癫痫发作类型模式及幼儿期的高峰表现与西方报告中的情况相当。
