Kyd J M, Foxwell A R, Cripps A W
Division of Science and Design, Gadi Research Centre, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia.
Vaccine. 2001 Mar 21;19(17-19):2527-33. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00484-9.
The mucosal surfaces of the lungs and upper airways are common sites for infection. Extensive studies of the mechanisms associated with immune responses in the respiratory tract have found that understanding the system is challenging and involves many complex interactions to prevent and eliminate infection. Immune protection against diseases transmitted through the respiratory tract requires an understanding of the important aspects associated with beneficial, detrimental or ineffective immune responses. Two critical aspects of an immune response against a pathogen are that of the inductive stage, either induced by vaccination or primary infection, and the effector stage, the ability to recognise, respond to and eliminate the infection without detriment to the host. An immunisation strategy must not only have a measure of the induced antigen specific response, but this response must also be protective.
肺和上呼吸道的黏膜表面是常见的感染部位。对呼吸道免疫反应相关机制的广泛研究发现，了解该系统具有挑战性，且涉及许多复杂的相互作用以预防和消除感染。针对通过呼吸道传播的疾病的免疫保护需要了解与有益、有害或无效免疫反应相关的重要方面。针对病原体的免疫反应的两个关键方面是诱导阶段（由疫苗接种或初次感染诱导）和效应阶段（识别、应对并消除感染而不损害宿主的能力）。免疫策略不仅必须衡量诱导的抗原特异性反应，而且这种反应还必须具有保护性。
