Woodland David L, Randall Troy D
Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin Avenue, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA.
Semin Immunol. 2004 Jun;16(3):163-70. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2004.02.003.
The mucosal surfaces of the lungs are a major portal of entry for virus infections and there are urgent needs for new vaccines that promote effective pulmonary immunity. However, we have only a rudimentary understanding of the requirements for effective cellular immunity in the respiratory tract. Recent studies have revealed that specialized cellular immune responses and lymphoid tissues are involved in the protection of distinct anatomical microenvironments of the respiratory tract, such as the large airways of the nose and the alveolar airspaces. This review discusses some of the anatomical features of anti-viral immunity in the respiratory tract including the role of local lymphoid tissues and the relationship between effector and memory T cells in the airways, the lung parenchyma, and lymphoid organs.
肺部的黏膜表面是病毒感染的主要入口，因此迫切需要能促进有效肺部免疫的新型疫苗。然而，我们对呼吸道有效细胞免疫的要求了解甚少。最近的研究表明，专门的细胞免疫反应和淋巴组织参与保护呼吸道不同的解剖微环境，如鼻的大气道和肺泡腔。本综述讨论了呼吸道抗病毒免疫的一些解剖学特征，包括局部淋巴组织的作用以及效应T细胞和记忆T细胞在气道、肺实质和淋巴器官中的关系。
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