Daly Sorcha, O'Sullivan Andrew, MacLoughlin Ronan
College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland.
Research and Development, Science and Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway Business Park, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Sep 13;9(9):1018. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9091018.
The new era of cellular immunotherapies has provided state-of-the-art and efficient strategies for the prevention and treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Cellular immunotherapies are at the forefront of innovative medical care, including adoptive T cell therapies, cancer vaccines, NK cell therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The focus of this review is on cellular immunotherapies and their application in the lung, as respiratory diseases remain one of the main causes of death worldwide. The ongoing global pandemic has shed a new light on respiratory viruses, with a key area of concern being how to combat and control their infections. The focus of cellular immunotherapies has largely been on treating cancer and has had major successes in the past few years. However, recent preclinical and clinical studies using these immunotherapies for respiratory viral infections demonstrate promising potential. Therefore, in this review we explore the use of multiple cellular immunotherapies in treating viral respiratory infections, along with investigating several routes of administration with an emphasis on inhaled immunotherapies.
细胞免疫疗法的新时代为癌症和传染病的预防与治疗提供了先进且高效的策略。细胞免疫疗法处于创新医疗的前沿，包括过继性T细胞疗法、癌症疫苗、自然杀伤细胞疗法和免疫检查点抑制剂。本综述的重点是细胞免疫疗法及其在肺部的应用，因为呼吸系统疾病仍是全球主要死因之一。当前的全球大流行让人们对呼吸道病毒有了新的认识，一个关键的关注点是如何对抗和控制它们的感染。细胞免疫疗法的重点主要是治疗癌症，并且在过去几年取得了重大成功。然而，最近将这些免疫疗法用于呼吸道病毒感染的临床前和临床研究显示出了有前景的潜力。因此，在本综述中，我们探讨多种细胞免疫疗法在治疗病毒性呼吸道感染中的应用，同时研究几种给药途径，重点是吸入式免疫疗法。
