Schüz J, Grigat J P, Brinkmann K, Michaelis J
Institute for Medical Statistics and Documentation, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Int J Cancer. 2001 Mar 1;91(5):728-35. doi: 10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1097>3.0.co;2-d.
Our objective was to investigate whether exposure to residential power-frequency (50 Hz) magnetic fields above 0.2 microT increases a child's risk of leukaemia and to confirm or reject a finding from a previous German study on this topic, which reported increased leukaemia risk with exposure to stronger magnetic fields during the night. A population-based case-control study was used, covering the whole of the former West Germany. Residential magnetic fields were measured over 24 hr for 514 children with acute leukaemia identified by the German Childhood Cancer Registry and 1,301 control children taken from population registration files. Magnetic fields above 0.2 microT were relatively rare in Germany (only 1.5% of the study population). Childhood leukaemia and 24 hr median magnetic fields were only weakly related (OR = 1.55, 95% CI 0.65-3.67). A significant association was seen between childhood leukaemia and magnetic field exposure during the night (OR = 3.21, 95% CI 1.33-7.80). A dose-response-relationship was observed after combining the data of all German studies on magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia. The evidence for an association between childhood leukaemia and magnetic field exposure in our study comes from a measure of exposure during the night. Despite the large size of our study, the results are based on small numbers of exposed children. If the observed association stands, the effect on a population level in Germany would be small.
我们的目标是调查暴露于强度超过0.2微特斯拉的住宅工频（50赫兹）磁场是否会增加儿童患白血病的风险，并对德国此前一项关于该主题的研究结果进行确认或反驳，该研究报告称夜间暴露于更强磁场会增加患白血病的风险。我们采用了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，涵盖了整个前西德地区。对德国儿童癌症登记处确定的514名急性白血病儿童以及从人口登记档案中选取的1301名对照儿童进行了24小时的住宅磁场测量。在德国，强度超过0.2微特斯拉的磁场相对较少见（仅占研究人群的1.5%）。儿童白血病与24小时平均磁场之间的关联较弱（比值比=1.55，95%置信区间0.65 - 3.67）。儿童白血病与夜间磁场暴露之间存在显著关联（比值比=3.21，95%置信区间1.33 - 7.80）。综合德国所有关于磁场与儿童白血病的研究数据后，观察到了剂量反应关系。我们研究中儿童白血病与磁场暴露之间关联的证据来自于夜间暴露量的测量。尽管我们的研究规模很大，但结果是基于少量暴露儿童得出的。如果观察到的关联成立，在德国人群层面上的影响将很小。
