Birzele B, Prange A, Krämer J
Department of Agricultural and Food-Microbiology, Institute for Plant Diseases, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
Food Addit Contam. 2000 Dec;17(12):1027-35. doi: 10.1080/02652030050207828.
The occurrence of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in the winter wheat of 1997 and 1998 grown under organic farming conditions was investigated using ELISAs (R-Biopharm) for quantification. The influence of delayed drying of the grain after harvest on the development of DON and OTA was determined in storage trials (moisture: 17% and 20%; temperature: 20 degrees C; duration: four and six weeks). The Tox5 PCR assay was used both to detect Fusarium species with the potential to produce trichothecenes and as a measure of their relative DNA content during the storage trials. The intensity of the PCR signals was correlated with the DON concentration. Fusarium species were identified microscopically by standard methods. All the freshly harvested grain samples were contaminated with DON and showed further increases in the DON concentration during storage. OTA contamination was found in 14.3% of the 1997 samples and in 24.1% of the 1998 samples. OTA increased during storage trials of the 1997 samples but not in the 1998 samples.
采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（R-Biopharm公司产品）进行定量分析，研究了1997年和1998年有机种植条件下冬小麦中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的发生情况。通过贮藏试验（湿度：17%和20%；温度：20℃；持续时间：4周和6周）测定了收获后延迟干燥对DON和OTA生成的影响。Tox5聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测法既用于检测具有产生单端孢霉烯族毒素潜力的镰刀菌属菌种，也用于衡量贮藏试验期间它们的相对DNA含量。PCR信号强度与DON浓度相关。通过标准方法在显微镜下鉴定镰刀菌属菌种。所有新收获的谷物样品均被DON污染，且贮藏期间DON浓度进一步升高。在1997年的样品中有14.3%、1998年的样品中有24.1%被OTA污染。1997年样品的贮藏试验期间OTA含量增加，但1998年样品未增加。
