Eich E, Macaulay D
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
Psychol Sci. 2000 May;11(3):244-8. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00249.
While simulating, or acting as if, they were either happy or sad, university students recounted emotionally positive, neutral, or negative events from their personal past. Two days later, subjects were asked to freely recall the gist of all of these events, and they did so while simulating a mood that either did or did not match the one they had feigned before. By comparing the present results with those of a previous study, in which affectively realistic and subjectively convincing states of happiness and sadness had been engendered experimentally, we searched for--and found--striking differences between simulated and actual moods in their impact an autobiographical memory. In particular, it appears that the mood-congruent effects elicited by simulated moods are qualitatively different from those evoked by induced moods, and that only authentic affects have the power to produce mood-dependent effects.
大学生在模拟或表现出高兴或悲伤的情绪时，会讲述他们个人过去情感上积极、中性或消极的事件。两天后，要求受试者自由回忆所有这些事件的要点，并且他们在模拟一种与之前假装的情绪相符或不相符的情绪时进行回忆。通过将当前结果与之前一项研究的结果进行比较，在之前的研究中通过实验产生了情感上真实且主观上令人信服的高兴和悲伤状态，我们寻找并发现了模拟情绪和实际情绪在对自传体记忆的影响方面存在显著差异。特别是，似乎模拟情绪引发的情绪一致效应在质量上与诱导情绪引发的效应不同，而且只有真实的情感才有能力产生情绪依赖效应。
