Bienvenu O J, Nestadt G, Samuels J F, Costa P T, Howard W T, Eaton W W
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2001 Mar;189(3):154-61. doi: 10.1097/00005053-200103000-00003.
This study investigated five-factor model personality traits in anxiety (simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, and panic disorder) and major depressive disorders in a population-based sample. In the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Follow-up Study, psychiatrists administered the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry to 333 adult subjects who also completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. All of the disorders except simple phobia were associated with high neuroticism. Social phobia and agoraphobia were associated with low extraversion. In addition, lower-order facets of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with certain disorders (i.e., low positive emotions in panic disorder; low trust and compliance in certain phobias; and low competence, achievement striving, and self-discipline in several disorders). This study emphasizes the utility of lower-order personality assessments and underscores the need for further research on personality/psychopathology etiologic relationships.
本研究在一个基于人群的样本中，调查了焦虑症（单纯恐惧症、社交恐惧症、广场恐惧症和惊恐障碍）和重度抑郁症中的五因素模型人格特质。在巴尔的摩流行病学集水区随访研究中，精神科医生对333名成年受试者进行了神经精神病学临床评估量表的测试，这些受试者还完成了修订版的大五人格量表。除单纯恐惧症外，所有这些障碍都与高神经质有关。社交恐惧症和广场恐惧症与低外向性有关。此外，外向性、宜人性和尽责性的低阶方面与某些障碍有关（即惊恐障碍中的低积极情绪；某些恐惧症中的低信任和顺从；以及几种障碍中的低能力、成就追求和自律）。本研究强调了低阶人格评估的效用，并强调了对人格/精神病理学病因关系进行进一步研究的必要性。
