Schwartz J B
Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Gend Specif Med. 1999 Nov-Dec;2(6):26-9.
Oral contraceptives are highly effective contraceptive agents used worldwide that have a relatively low incidence of adverse side effects. Drug interactions that decrease the efficacy of contraception or that limit the efficacy of concomitant medications can occur. The most frequent clinically encountered interactions involve antibiotics or anticonvulsants. The incidence of adverse thrombotic events is low and can be further minimized by the use of low estrogen doses; avoidance of smoking or not prescribing oral contraceptives in smokers; and avoidance of exposure in genotypes at high risk for thrombosis (Leiden Factor V mutation).
口服避孕药是全球广泛使用的高效避孕药物，副作用发生率相对较低。可能会发生降低避孕效果或限制同时服用药物疗效的药物相互作用。临床上最常见的相互作用涉及抗生素或抗惊厥药。不良血栓形成事件的发生率较低，通过使用低雌激素剂量、避免吸烟或不给吸烟者开口服避孕药以及避免在血栓形成高风险基因型（莱顿因子V突变）中暴露，可以进一步将其降至最低。
