Provost S, Soto J C
Laurentians Public Health Department, St-Jerome, Quebec, Canada.
J Travel Med. 2001 Mar-Apr;8(2):66-75. doi: 10.2310/7060.2001.24323.
Although many tourists from Quebec (Canada) each year visit destinations at risk for infectious diseases, only a few of them seek travel health advice. To identify the determinants of travel health consultation, we conducted a study among Quebec's tourists visiting two popular sun destinations.
A conceptual model based on psychosocial determinants of human behavior was constructed. A cross-sectional survey was carried out, from January to April 1999, on two samples of travelers planning to visit Mexico and the Dominican Republic. One sample was composed of people who did not consult a travel clinic (cluster sampling in seven flights), and the other sample was one of clients of travel clinics (purposive selection of 13 specialized clinics located in Quebec). A 34-item self-administered bilingual questionnaire was distributed to travelers. Statistical analysis included a multivariate approach (logistic regression).
A total of 2,242 travelers were surveyed (response rate in flight 75% and in clinics 99%). We present only results reported by French-speaking tourists: 1,152 who did not consult a travel clinic and were reached in flight, and 449 who were reached in clinics. Multivariate analyses indicated that travel agent recommendation was the most important predictor of consultation among travelers (OR 8.0, 95% CI 5.1-13), especially among those under 45 years of age and those who never sought pretravel consultation before (OR 21, 95% CI 11-41). Other important predictors were: traveling for the first time, traveling with children, previous consultation, perception about efficacy of immunization, risk perception, and information from travel agent, family doctor, and pharmacist.
Despite its limitations, this study provides data that should help improve public health interventions aimed at encouraging travelers to get a pretravel consultation.
尽管每年有许多来自魁北克（加拿大）的游客前往有传染病风险的目的地，但其中只有少数人寻求旅行健康建议。为了确定旅行健康咨询的决定因素，我们对前往两个热门阳光目的地的魁北克游客进行了一项研究。
构建了一个基于人类行为心理社会决定因素的概念模型。1999年1月至4月，对计划前往墨西哥和多米尼加共和国的两组旅行者样本进行了横断面调查。一组样本由未咨询旅行诊所的人员组成（在七个航班上进行整群抽样），另一组样本是旅行诊所的客户（从魁北克的13家专科诊所中进行有目的的选择）。向旅行者发放了一份34项的双语自填问卷。统计分析采用多变量方法（逻辑回归）。
共调查了2242名旅行者（航班上的回复率为75%，诊所中的回复率为99%）。我们仅展示说法语游客报告的结果：1152名在航班上被调查且未咨询旅行诊所的游客，以及449名在诊所中被调查的游客。多变量分析表明，旅行社推荐是旅行者中咨询的最重要预测因素（比值比8.0，95%置信区间5.1 - 13），特别是在45岁以下以及之前从未寻求过旅行前咨询的人群中（比值比21，95%置信区间11 - 41）。其他重要的预测因素包括：首次旅行、携带儿童旅行、之前的咨询、对免疫效果的认知、风险认知以及来自旅行社、家庭医生和药剂师的信息。
尽管本研究存在局限性，但提供的数据应有助于改进旨在鼓励旅行者进行旅行前咨询的公共卫生干预措施。
