旅行者风险感知（TRiP）问卷：旅行前评估和旅行后变化。
The Traveller's Risk Perception (TRiP) questionnaire: pre-travel assessment and post-travel changes.
机构信息
Departments of Diagnostics and Public Health University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Public Health Department, Lucca, Italy.
出版信息
Int Health. 2020 Feb 12;12(2):116-124. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz033.
BACKGROUND
Travellers' risk perception is a key component of travel risk assessment because it influences the adequate implementation of safety precautions. The aims of this study are to validate a tool to analyse travellers' risk perception to identify which factors can influence it and how it changes upon return.
METHODS
The Traveller's Risk Perception (TRiP) questionnaire was developed and administered to outpatients before and after travel in three travel clinics. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to validate the questionnaire and multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of travellers' characteristics on the risk scores.
RESULTS
A total of 1020 travellers completed the questionnaire. PCA identified two latent factors: 'generic-disseminated risks' and 'specific-circumstantial risks'. Cronbach's α was acceptable (0.76 and 0.70, respectively). The 'generic-disseminated risks' dimension scored higher than the 'specific-circumstantial risks' (p<0.001). The items with the highest scores were insect bites, gastrointestinal disorders and malaria. The mean scores were significantly lower after the travel for all items but one.
CONCLUSIONS
The TRiP questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for rating travellers' perceptions. Staff in travel clinics should be trained to systematically assess travellers' risk perception in order to tailor the consultation according to specific information needs.
背景
旅行者的风险感知是旅行风险评估的一个关键组成部分，因为它会影响安全预防措施的充分实施。本研究的目的是验证一种分析旅行者风险感知的工具，以确定哪些因素会影响风险感知，以及风险感知在旅行归来时如何变化。
方法
旅行者风险感知（TRiP）问卷在三个旅行诊所的门诊患者旅行前和旅行后进行了开发和管理。进行主成分分析（PCA）以验证问卷，并使用多元回归分析评估旅行者特征对风险评分的影响。
结果
共有 1020 名旅行者完成了问卷。PCA 确定了两个潜在因素：“通用-传播风险”和“特定情况风险”。克朗巴赫的α值是可以接受的（分别为 0.76 和 0.70）。“通用-传播风险”维度的得分高于“特定情况风险”（p<0.001）。得分最高的项目是昆虫叮咬、胃肠道疾病和疟疾。除了一个项目外，所有项目的平均得分在旅行后都明显降低。
结论
TRiP 问卷是一种评估旅行者感知的有效且可靠的工具。旅行诊所的工作人员应接受培训，以便系统地评估旅行者的风险感知，以便根据特定的信息需求调整咨询。
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