Efforts to Control Sexually Transmitted Diseases As a Means to Limit HIV Transmission: Pros and Cons.

A large body of literature suggests that treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) has a measurable effect on reducing HIV infectiousness and susceptibility at both the individual and general population levels. Recent research includes biological studies on genital herpes and genital shedding of HIV-1; two large-scale, community-based clinical trials in Africa; and the use of mathematical modeling to further explore data from these landmark trials. These studies suggest that a combination of improved STD services, syndromic management, and periodic mass treatment tailored to the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS/STD epidemic in a given population can help reduce overall HIV transmission.