Gitlits V M, Toh B H, Sentry J W
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Monash University Medical School, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
J Investig Med. 2001 Mar;49(2):138-45. doi: 10.2310/6650.2001.34040.
Serum autoantibodies to the glycolytic enzyme enolase have been reported in a diverse range of inflammatory, degenerative, and psychiatric disorders. Diseases in which these antibodies have been reported in high incidence include autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (80%, 35 of 44), primary (69%, 60 of 87), and secondary (58%, 14 of 24) membranous nephropathy, cancer-associated retinopathy (68.8%, 11 of 16), autoimmune hepatitis type 1 (60%, 12 of 20), mixed cryoglobulinemia with renal involvement (63.6%, seven of 11), cystoid macular edema (60%, six of 10), and endometriosis (50%, 21 of 41). In autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 patients, all had chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with demonstrated antibody reactivity to candida enolase, which is suggestive of cross reactivity or epitope mimicry. Formation of autoantibodies to enolase may be a normal process, with reported incidence in apparently healthy subjects ranging from 0% (zero of 91) to 11.7% (seven of 60). Nonetheless, we suggest that excessive production of these autoantibodies, which are generated as a consequence of uptake of enolase by antigen-presenting cells and subsequent B cell activation, can potentially initiate tissue injury as a result of immune complex deposition.
在多种炎症性、退行性和精神性疾病中，均有关于糖酵解酶烯醇化酶的血清自身抗体的报道。这些抗体高发病率出现的疾病包括1型自身免疫性多腺体综合征（80%，44例中有35例）、原发性（69%，87例中有60例）和继发性（58%，24例中有14例）膜性肾病、癌症相关性视网膜病变（68.8%，16例中有11例）、1型自身免疫性肝炎（60%，20例中有12例）、伴有肾脏受累的混合性冷球蛋白血症（63.6%，11例中有7例）、黄斑囊样水肿（60%，10例中有6例）以及子宫内膜异位症（50%，41例中有21例）。在1型自身免疫性多腺体综合征患者中，所有人都患有慢性黏膜皮肤念珠菌病，且对念珠菌烯醇化酶表现出抗体反应性，这提示存在交叉反应或表位模拟。针对烯醇化酶的自身抗体的形成可能是一个正常过程，据报道在明显健康的受试者中发病率为0%（91例中0例）至11.7%（60例中有7例）。尽管如此，我们认为这些自身抗体的过度产生是由于抗原呈递细胞摄取烯醇化酶并随后激活B细胞所致，可能会因免疫复合物沉积而引发组织损伤。
