Uppaluri C R, Schumm L P, Lauderdale D S
Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, The University of Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2001 Winter;11(1):107-14.
Although the concept of stress is hard to define or measure, it is a phenomenon associated with a number of health conditions, including hypertension, heart disease, and decreased immunocompetency. Events such as migration are known to create stress; researchers refer to this as acculturative stress. Given that cultural background might influence a patient's recognition, interpretation, and coping mechanisms for stress, we wondered how self-reports of stress by Asian immigrants compare with those of non-Hispanic Whites, and how these self-reports vary with years since immigration, a proxy for acculturation.
Data from the National Health Information Survey for 1993 and 1995 were analyzed for six groups of Asian national origin, and were compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Using ordered logistic regression, we examined self-reports of stress over two weeks and twelve months, as well as the changes in these self-reports with years since immigration.
Adjusted for age, income, educational level, marital status, and gender, Asian immigrants were uniformly less likely to report stress over a two-week period than were non-Hispanic Whites (OR ranges: 0.34[Asian Indian]-0.59[Korean], P values<.05). There were no significant differences in reported stress among Asian ethnic groups. Compared with immigrants who have lived in the United States for at least 15 years, recent immigrants (<1 year) were likely to report less stress over two weeks and twelve months, OR = 0.13 and 0.23, respectively, P values<.005.
Despite their status as immigrants, Asians report less stress than non-Hispanic Whites. These reports of stress increase as years since immigration increase. One potential explanation for these discrepancies is under-reporting, which might reflect underlying cultural differences in the perception or definition of stress, differences that may diminish with "acculturation."
尽管压力的概念难以定义或衡量，但它是一种与多种健康状况相关的现象，包括高血压、心脏病和免疫能力下降。诸如移民之类的事件会产生压力；研究人员将此称为文化适应压力。鉴于文化背景可能会影响患者对压力的认知、解读和应对机制，我们想知道亚洲移民的压力自我报告与非西班牙裔白人相比如何，以及这些自我报告如何随移民年限（文化适应的一个指标）而变化。
分析了1993年和1995年全国健康信息调查中六组亚洲裔的数据，并与非西班牙裔白人进行比较。使用有序逻辑回归，我们研究了两周和十二个月内的压力自我报告，以及这些自我报告随移民年限的变化。
在调整了年龄、收入、教育水平、婚姻状况和性别后，亚洲移民在两周内报告有压力的可能性普遍低于非西班牙裔白人（比值比范围：0.34[印度裔亚洲人]-0.59[韩国人]，P值<.05）。亚洲各民族在报告的压力方面没有显著差异。与在美国居住至少15年的移民相比，新移民（<1年）在两周和十二个月内报告的压力可能较小，比值比分别为0.13和0.23，P值<.005。
尽管亚洲人是移民身份，但他们报告的压力比非西班牙裔白人少。随着移民年限的增加，这些压力报告也会增加。这些差异的一个潜在解释是报告不足，这可能反映了在压力认知或定义方面潜在的文化差异，而这些差异可能会随着“文化适应”而减少。
