Byrd T L, Balcazar H, Hummer R A
University of Texas-Houston School of Public Health at El Paso, 79902, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2001 Winter;11(1):72-9.
To explore the extent to which acculturation indicators predict both breast-feeding history and intentions among Mexican-American mothers having their first births, and among those having subsequent births.
Cross-sectional survey in a hospital post-partum unit.
3,036 Hispanic women were interviewed post-partum in their hospital room. A survey was administered in English or Spanish, and included questions about prenatal care, diet, work exposures, contraceptive use, and breast-feeding history and intentions. For the purposes of this study, acculturation was measured using a series of indicators including language spoken at home, language ability, country of birth, and country in which last schooling was received.
Previous breast-feeding was significantly associated with educational attainment, speaking both English and Spanish at home, having had prenatal care during the previous pregnancy, and with both country variables (country of birth and country where finished school). Women with less education, women who were single, and women who did not receive any prenatal care were less likely to intend to breast-feed than were women with a college education, women with a partner, and women who received any prenatal care. Women born in Mexico (for multiparous women), or having finished school in Mexico (for primiparous women), were more likely to intend to breast-feed.
Acculturation is associated with breast-feeding history and intention to breast-feed. Acculturation is a complex construct and traditional measures of acculturation based on language preference may not be as useful on the US-Mexico border. It is recommended that further study be conducted to determine what factors prevent women from breast-feeding, even though they intend to do so, especially in multi-cultural communities like those around the US-Mexico border.
探讨文化适应指标在多大程度上能够预测首次生育的墨西哥裔美国母亲以及经产妇的母乳喂养史和母乳喂养意愿。
在医院产后病房进行的横断面调查。
对3036名西班牙裔女性在其医院病房进行产后访谈。调查以英语或西班牙语进行，内容包括产前护理、饮食、工作接触、避孕措施使用以及母乳喂养史和意愿。在本研究中，文化适应程度通过一系列指标来衡量，包括在家中使用的语言、语言能力、出生国家以及接受最后教育的国家。
既往母乳喂养与教育程度、在家中说英语和西班牙语、上次怀孕时接受过产前护理以及两个国家变量（出生国家和完成学业的国家）显著相关。与受过大学教育的女性、有伴侣的女性以及接受过任何产前护理的女性相比，教育程度较低的女性、单身女性以及未接受任何产前护理的女性进行母乳喂养的意愿较低。在墨西哥出生的女性（经产妇）或在墨西哥完成学业的女性（初产妇）进行母乳喂养的意愿更高。
文化适应与母乳喂养史及母乳喂养意愿相关。文化适应是一个复杂的概念，基于语言偏好的传统文化适应衡量方法在美国-墨西哥边境可能不太有用。建议进行进一步研究，以确定即使女性有母乳喂养意愿，但哪些因素会阻碍她们进行母乳喂养，特别是在美国-墨西哥边境周边这样的多元文化社区。
