Bigman Galya, Wilkinson Anna V, Pérez Adriana, Homedes Nuria
Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1616 Guadalupe, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health - Austin Regional Campus, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1616 Guadalupe, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2018 Sep;22(9):1260-1277. doi: 10.1007/s10995-018-2584-0.
Introduction Hispanic immigrants are more likely to breastfeed than are Hispanics born in the US, in part due to their acculturation. This paper aims to systematically review the existing literature on the association between acculturation and Hispanics' breastfeeding behaviors. Methods The systematic search used major databases such as Medline and PubMed, and it followed the PRISMA checklist. The scientific quality of the studies was rated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Results We identified 1943 potential citations, of which 18 studies met the eligibility criteria. Overall, while 13 studies suggested that high-acculturated Hispanics were less likely to breastfeed compared with low-acculturated, five studies did not find significant evidence of such an association. Moreover, 12 studies used a static measure or a linear scale, which is not optimal; only three studies utilized bi/multidimensional scales to assess acculturation. Intention to breastfeed was examined in six studies, but the results were inconsistent. Breastfeeding initiation was examined in 11 studies, and two out of eight studies that examined breastfeeding duration, specifically analyzed exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. Discussion Our results agree with the general hypothesis that higher acculturation is inversely related to breastfeeding rates, independently of income. Researchers used different methodologies to study acculturation and breastfeeding practices, limiting our ability to reach more detailed conclusions. Owing to the lack of a standard methodology for measuring acculturation, future studies should utilize bi/multidimensional scales when studying breastfeeding, in particular, in relation to breastfeeding intention and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months; preferably according to Hispanic subgroups.
引言
西班牙裔移民比在美国出生的西班牙裔更有可能进行母乳喂养，部分原因在于他们的文化适应情况。本文旨在系统回顾关于文化适应与西班牙裔母乳喂养行为之间关联的现有文献。
方法
系统检索使用了Medline和PubMed等主要数据库，并遵循PRISMA清单。研究的科学质量使用定量研究质量评估工具进行评级。
结果
我们识别出1943条潜在引文，其中18项研究符合纳入标准。总体而言，13项研究表明，与文化适应程度低的西班牙裔相比，文化适应程度高的西班牙裔进行母乳喂养的可能性较小，而5项研究未发现这种关联的显著证据。此外，12项研究使用的是静态测量方法或线性量表，这并非最佳选择；只有3项研究使用双维度/多维度量表来评估文化适应情况。6项研究考察了母乳喂养意愿，但结果并不一致。11项研究考察了母乳喂养的开始情况，8项考察母乳喂养持续时间的研究中有2项专门分析了6个月时的纯母乳喂养情况。
讨论
我们的结果与一般假设相符，即文化适应程度越高，与母乳喂养率呈负相关，且与收入无关。研究人员使用了不同的方法来研究文化适应和母乳喂养行为，这限制了我们得出更详细结论的能力。由于缺乏测量文化适应的标准方法，未来研究在考察母乳喂养时，尤其是与母乳喂养意愿和6个月时的纯母乳喂养相关的研究中，应使用双维度/多维度量表；最好根据西班牙裔亚组进行。
