Dosseh A, Ndiaye K, Spiegel A, Sagna M, Mathiot C
Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Sénégal.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000 May;62(5):639-43. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.639.
An influenza survey was conducted in seven sentinel sites in Dakar, Senegal from June 1996 to December 1998. Throat or nasal swab cultures were randomly collected from 804 patients suffering from influenza-like symptoms. Influenza viruses were isolated at a similar proportion in adults and in children (P = 0.29). Strains of influenza B viruses were isolated from sporadic cases in 1997, whereas type A virus was associated with an isolated peak. Proportions of influenza virus isolation varied from 17.5% to 40.0% between 1996 and 1998 during the peak period (July/September) of acute respiratory infection in Dakar. Rainfall, humidity, and temperatures rose during the same period. Influenza in Dakar seems to be an-all-age groups respiratory infection characterized by high transmission during the hot and rainy season. The antigenic similarity of the A(H3N2) and B viruses to those circulating elsewhere in the world at the same time was confirmed. However, the A(H1N1) strains were found to be more closely related to an Asiatic strain which had not been isolated outside Asia previously. Consequently, the strain close to the A(H1N1)/Wuhan/371/95 strain isolated in Dakar was included in the composition of the 1998/1999 influenza vaccine. This reinforces the importance of setting up a national influenza control strategy in tropical regions.
1996年6月至1998年12月期间，在塞内加尔达喀尔的七个哨点开展了一项流感调查。从804名有流感样症状的患者中随机采集咽喉或鼻腔拭子培养物。成人和儿童中分离出流感病毒的比例相似（P = 0.29）。1997年从散发病例中分离出乙型流感病毒株，而甲型病毒与一个分离高峰有关。在达喀尔急性呼吸道感染的高峰期（7月/9月），1996年至1998年期间流感病毒分离比例在17.5%至40.0%之间变化。同期降雨量、湿度和温度上升。达喀尔的流感似乎是一种全年龄组的呼吸道感染，其特点是在炎热多雨季节传播率高。证实了A(H3N2)和B型病毒与世界其他地方同期流行的病毒具有抗原相似性。然而，发现A(H1N1)毒株与一种此前未在亚洲以外地区分离出的亚洲毒株关系更密切。因此，在达喀尔分离出的与A(H1N1)/武汉/371/95毒株相近的毒株被纳入1998/1999年流感疫苗的成分中。这强化了在热带地区制定国家流感防控策略的重要性。
