Orchard J, Seward H, McGivern J, Hood S
Sports Medicine Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Am J Sports Med. 2001 Mar-Apr;29(2):196-200. doi: 10.1177/03635465010290021301.
The aim of this study was to examine the interaction between intrinsic (player-related) and extrinsic (environment-related) variables as risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury in Australian football. Between 1992 and 1999, 100,820 player-match exposures were analyzed for risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury using logistic regression analysis. There were 63 surgically proven noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The strongest risk factors were a player history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction either in the previous 12 months (relative risk [RR], 11.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.02 to 31.91) or before the previous 12 months (RR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.46 to 8.01). Weather conditions that were associated with dry field conditions--high water evaporation in the month before the match (RR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.44 to 4.52) and low rainfall in the year before the match (RR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.30 to 6.32)--were also significantly associated with these injuries. The increased risk of injury in the first 12 months after reconstruction was associated with the reconstructed knee, whereas after 12 months there was an even distribution of new injuries to the reconstructed knee and contralateral knee. A history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a risk factor for further injury. Weather conditions of high evaporation and low rainfall before matches are associated with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury.
本研究旨在探讨内在因素（与运动员相关）和外在因素（与环境相关）之间的相互作用，将其作为澳大利亚式足球中前交叉韧带损伤的风险因素。在1992年至1999年期间，使用逻辑回归分析对100,820次运动员比赛暴露情况进行了前交叉韧带损伤风险分析。共有63例经手术证实的非接触性前交叉韧带损伤。最强的风险因素是运动员在前12个月内有前交叉韧带重建史（相对风险[RR]，11.33；95%置信区间[CI]，4.02至31.91）或在之前12个月之前有该病史（RR，4.44；95%CI，2.46至8.01）。与干燥场地条件相关的天气状况——比赛前一个月的高水分蒸发量（RR，2.55；95%CI，1.44至4.52）和比赛前一年的低降雨量（RR，2.87；95%CI，1.30至6.32）——也与这些损伤显著相关。重建后前12个月内受伤风险增加与重建的膝关节有关，而12个月后，重建膝关节和对侧膝关节新损伤的分布较为均匀。前交叉韧带重建史是进一步受伤的风险因素。比赛前高蒸发量和低降雨量的天气状况与非接触性前交叉韧带损伤有关。
