人类免疫缺陷病毒与艾滋病的全球影响。
Global impact of human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS.
作者信息
Gayle H D, Hill G L
机构信息
National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
出版信息
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001 Apr;14(2):327-35. doi: 10.1128/CMR.14.2.327-335.2001.
This review provides information on the epidemiology, economic impact, and intervention strategies for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS pandemic in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) at the end of 1999, an estimated 34.3 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. Most of the people living with HIV, 95% of the global total, live in developing countries. Examples of the impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Newly Independent States provide insight into the demographics, modes of exposure, treatment and prevention options, and the economic effect of the epidemic on the global community. The epidemic in each region of the world is influenced by the specific risk factors that are associated with the spread of HIV/AIDS and the responses that have evolved to address it. These influences are important in developing HIV/AIDS policies and programs to effectively address the global pandemic.
本综述提供了有关发展中国家人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/艾滋病大流行的流行病学、经济影响及干预策略的信息。据世界卫生组织和联合国艾滋病联合规划署（UNAIDS）称，截至1999年底，估计有3430万人感染了HIV/艾滋病。全球感染HIV的人群中，95%生活在发展中国家。HIV/艾滋病在非洲、亚洲、拉丁美洲、加勒比地区及新独立国家所造成影响的实例，有助于深入了解该流行病的人口统计学特征、传播途径、治疗与预防方案，以及其对全球社会的经济影响。世界各地区的疫情受到与HIV/艾滋病传播相关的特定风险因素以及为应对该疫情而发展出的应对措施的影响。这些影响对于制定有效应对全球大流行的HIV/艾滋病政策和项目至关重要。
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