Jenkins B D, Pullen C B, Darimont B D
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr;12(3):122-6. doi: 10.1016/s1043-2760(00)00357-x.
Glucocorticoids regulate numerous distinct physiological processes, most of which rely on the ability of the hormone-bound glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to change the expression of target genes in a cell- and promoter-dependent manner. The transcriptional activity of GR depends on coactivators that regulate transcription by remodeling chromatin or by facilitating the recruitment of the basal transcriptional machinery. Coactivators are often part of multiprotein complexes that are not specific for GR but also mediate the activity of other nuclear receptors (NRs) and unrelated transcription factors. Surprisingly, recent results reveal that the activity of coactivators might contribute to the receptor, promoter and cell specificity of NR action. The emerging picture shows coactivators as flexible, but precise, coordinators of complex and dynamic networks, in which transcriptional regulation by GR and other NRs is linked to other signaling pathways.
糖皮质激素调节众多不同的生理过程，其中大多数依赖于激素结合型糖皮质激素受体（GR）以细胞和启动子依赖的方式改变靶基因表达的能力。GR的转录活性取决于共激活因子，这些共激活因子通过重塑染色质或促进基础转录机制的募集来调节转录。共激活因子通常是多蛋白复合物的一部分，这些复合物并非GR所特有，还介导其他核受体（NRs）和无关转录因子的活性。令人惊讶的是，最近的研究结果表明，共激活因子的活性可能有助于NR作用的受体、启动子和细胞特异性。新出现的情况表明，共激活因子是复杂动态网络中灵活而精确的协调者，其中GR和其他NRs的转录调控与其他信号通路相关联。
