Petts J
Centre for Environmental Research and Training, the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Risk Anal. 2000 Dec;20(6):821-32. doi: 10.1111/0272-4332.206075.
Like radioactive waste, municipal solid waste (MSW) requires consideration of a complex mix of intergenerational and intragenerational risks surrounded by uncertain science. Unlike radioactive waste, MSW is a common problem and hence one often perceived to be controllable, at least until a required facility is proposed in a particular community. The intragenerational risks focused on local communities rouse intense public pressures for management. Although some of the risks can be quantified, the risk assessment process cannot deal with all questions. This article examines the multiple dimensions of the decisions required to be made and the weaknesses of a number of decision tools traditionally used. A case is made for the need to integrate decision tools appropriate to the risks into reflexive and iterative decision processes open to public involvement. It is argued that this presents the best hope of both optimizing decisions about the intragenerational risks as well as raising public debate about the importance of sustainable waste management in transgenerational terms.
与放射性废物一样，城市固体废物（MSW）需要考虑由不确定的科学所围绕的代际和代内风险的复杂组合。与放射性废物不同，城市固体废物是一个常见问题，因此人们通常认为它是可控的，至少在特定社区提出所需设施之前是这样。关注当地社区的代内风险引发了公众对管理的强烈压力。虽然一些风险可以量化，但风险评估过程无法处理所有问题。本文探讨了所需决策的多个维度以及一些传统上使用的决策工具的弱点。文中提出了将适合风险的决策工具整合到向公众参与开放的反思性和迭代性决策过程中的必要性。有人认为，这为优化关于代内风险的决策以及引发关于跨代可持续废物管理重要性的公众辩论提供了最大希望。
