Leibfritz D, Dreher W
Universität Bremen, Fachbereich 2, NW 2, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
NMR Biomed. 2001 Apr;14(2):65-76. doi: 10.1002/nbm.681.
This review deals with magnetization transfer (MT) effects observed in in vivo NMR spectroscopy. The basic experimental methods of MT experiments, the underlying kinetic mechanisms as well as the evaluation of measured data by fits to two- or three-pool models are described. Experimental results of both (31)P and (1)H in vivo MRS are reviewed showing the potential of MT experiments to characterize kinetic equilibrium reactions. This includes reactions where all involved components are MR visible, as well as situations where one indirectly measures pools of bound spins which cannot directly be observed in vivo. In particular, MT effects are described which have been observed in in vivo (1)H NMR spectra measured on the animal or human brain or on skeletal muscle. Possible mechanisms for the strong MT effects observed for the signals of creatine/phosphocreatine, lactate, alcohol and other metabolites are discussed. It is also emphasized that MT effects caused by water suppression techniques may lead to systematic errors in the quantification of in vivo (1)H NMR spectra.
本综述涉及体内核磁共振波谱中观察到的磁化传递（MT）效应。描述了MT实验的基本实验方法、潜在的动力学机制以及通过拟合双池或三池模型对测量数据的评估。综述了体内磷-31（³¹P）和氢-1（¹H）磁共振波谱的实验结果，展示了MT实验表征动力学平衡反应的潜力。这包括所有参与成分均可通过磁共振检测到的反应，以及间接测量体内无法直接观察到的结合自旋池的情况。特别描述了在动物或人类大脑或骨骼肌上测量的体内¹H核磁共振波谱中观察到的MT效应。讨论了肌酸/磷酸肌酸、乳酸、酒精和其他代谢物信号所观察到的强MT效应的可能机制。还强调了水抑制技术引起的MT效应可能导致体内¹H核磁共振波谱定量分析中的系统误差。
