Liao F
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing.
Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2000;23(2-4):127-31.
Drugs with the efficacy of modifying rheological properties of blood, blood vessels and their interactions are denoted by "hemorheologicals". Drugs of anti-hyperviscosemia, anti-coagulants, anti-platelet drugs, anti-thrombotics, vasodilators, endothelial cell protectors and anti-arthrosclerosis should be considered as hemorheologicals due to the actions in keeping blood fluidity and in maintaining normal vascular functions. The studies in hemorheology indicate that a tendency of hyperviscosity, hypercoagulation and being prone to thrombosis is prevalent in the elderly. Hemorheologicals are importance for and aging and life-threatening diseases. Blood stasis syndrome is a common pathological syndrome in the elderly. In traditional Chinese medicine, the treatment for the syndrome is by herbs which activates blood circulation to remove blood stasis. The herbs have the efficacy of improving hemorheological events. Therefore, the herbs are the source for developing hemorheologicals. Ligustrazine isolated from Chuangxiong is an example. It showed significant inhibition on shear induced platelet aggregation and on platelet intracellular calcium demonstrated by laser confocal microscope.
具有改善血液、血管流变学特性及其相互作用功效的药物被称为“血液流变学药物”。由于具有保持血液流动性和维持正常血管功能的作用,抗高粘血症药物、抗凝剂、抗血小板药物、抗血栓药物、血管扩张剂、内皮细胞保护剂和抗动脉粥样硬化药物应被视为血液流变学药物。血液流变学研究表明,老年人中普遍存在血液高粘、高凝和易发生血栓形成的倾向。血液流变学药物对于衰老和危及生命的疾病很重要。血瘀证是老年人常见的病理综合征。在传统中医中,该综合征的治疗方法是使用活血化瘀的草药。这些草药具有改善血液流变学指标的功效。因此,这些草药是开发血液流变学药物的来源。从川芎中分离出的川芎嗪就是一个例子。它对剪切诱导的血小板聚集以及激光共聚焦显微镜显示的血小板细胞内钙有显著抑制作用。